Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Richard J Hanowski
Virginia Tech Transportation InstituteUSA
Keynote: Methods overview of the commercial driver individual differences study
Time : 09:30-09:55
Biography:
Richard J Hanowski is a Senior Research Scientist and serves as the Director of the Center for Truck & Bus Safety (CTBS) at the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute. He has been involved in transportation research since 1991, and has led many light vehicle and heavy vehicle safety studies for government and industry. He has servedrnas the Principal or Co-Principal Investigator on over $50 million of contract research and has authored over 200 publications. His research focuses on safety and health issues associated with commercial vehicle operations. Findings from his research have generated practical, in-depth knowledge that has benefited government, commercial vehicle operations (including drivers and fleet management), equipment manufacturers, academia, and the public. His 2009 research on driver distraction in commercial vehicle operations helped foster an international dialogue that led to policies and regulations designed to reduce driver distraction and improve safety.
Abstract:
Introduction: The Commercial Driver Individual Differences Study (CDIDS) affords a unique opportunity to examine a widernarray of Commercial Motor Vehicle (CMV) driver and situational factors to determine the prevalence of these factors and theirrnrelationship to being involved in a crash.rnrnPurpose: To identify and prioritize CMV driver individual differences with respect to risk factors. Primarily, these risk factorsrnwill consist of personal factors, such as demographic characteristics, medical conditions, sleep history, personal attitudes, jobrnsatisfaction, and behavioral history. The CDIDS will identify risk factors by linking the characteristics of individual drivers withrntheir driving records during the duration of the study, especially the occurrence or absence of preventable, on-road crashes.rnrnMethods: Medical and driving records will be collected for 21,000 CMV drivers. Surveys, including questions about personalrnattitudes and lifestyle behaviors, driving history, recent life experiences, and driving behavior will also be collected on a subset ofrnthese drivers. Drivers with documented crashes (identified through carrier and federal safety data) will be considered “cases†forrnanalysis to evaluate crash risk factors. Extreme groups based on crash risk outputs (e.g., low-risk drivers with no case events versusrnhigh-risk drivers with case events) will be investigated to maximize the contrast between groups and thus associations with driverrnand situational factors. The comparison of cases to controls (3,000 of each) will permit the derivation of odds ratios and otherrnstatistics to quantify the increased probability of being involved in a crash associated with various driver and situational factors.rnFollowing case events, those drivers will be asked to complete a follow-up survey to aid in determining if any recent life events/rnstressors may have been a contributing factor to the case event. For each case driver, four control drivers will be asked to alsorncomplete the follow-up survey. Driver participants may be monitored for up to three years to track their driving records.rnrnAnticipated Results: We anticipate the findings of this study will provide insight into the following research questions:rnrn• (i) Do individual factors, or coupling of factors, such as demographic characteristics or medical conditions result in increasedrncrash risk?; andrnrn• (ii) What are the contributing factors leading to a preventable CMV crash? The CDIDS provides a unique opportunity tornexamine a wide array of driver and situational factors among a large sample of CMV drivers. Findings from the CDIDS willrnenable researchers to determine the prevalence of these factors as well as their relationship to being involved in a crash. rnrnLong term monitoring of crash events and follow-up with drivers will provide valuable insight into the health and safety profilesrnof CMV drivers and contributing factors that influence high vs. low-risk drivers. Opportunities exist to continue and expandrnthe CDIDS into a longitudinal study with more drivers, additional survey measures, and extended monitoring and follow-up.
Keynote Forum
Maria Meimei Brevidelli
Paulista UniversityBrazil
Keynote: Compliance with standard-precautions among nursing staff
Time : 09:55-10:20
Biography:
Maria Meimei Brevidelli completed his PhD from Sao Paulo University, Brazil. She is a Professor of Postgraduate and Undergraduate Nursing School, and member of Research Group on Public Health of Paulista University. She has published about 15 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
The adherence to standard-precautions (SP) is essential for the prevention and control of infections related to healthcare. The aim of this study is to measure the level of compliance with SP among nursing staff at a private hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. A cross sectional study was conducted in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a private hospital in São Paulo. The collection of professional and demographic data was done from August to October 2014, through a validated scale. Study participants were nurses, technicians and nursing assistants who provided direct care to patients, on all shifts. More frequently ages of the professionals ranged from 30 to 39 years. About 73% of respondents had high school. Regarding the training time, 52% of professionals had 11 to 20 years. On the professional practice time in the hospital, 51.7% had at least 5 years of experience in hospital and 97% of these professionals had only one job. The majority of professionals were aware of the SP in professionals training courses. The totally of the sample reported received training on standard precautions at the hospital, but only 83% said they use them always or often in assistance with all patients, regardless of their diagnosis. It is disturbing to know that some professionals answered not always take the standard precautions in care, or adopt an unsatisfactorily, being exposed to unnecessary occupational hazards. We concluded that most professionals know and adhere to SP measures. However, a small portion, but significant one adopts such measures insufficiently, considered important and necessary in all situations involving health care.
Keynote Forum
Kiyomi Taniyama
National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterJapan
Keynote: Aberrant DNA methylation of DLX4 and SIM1 genes is a useful predictive marker for disease progression of LSILin uterine cervix
Time : 10:35 - 10:55
Biography:
Upon completion of his doctorate in Pathology at the Hiroshima University School of Medicine in Japan in 1985, who commenced work in the field of clinical pathology at Shizuoka Prefectural General Hospital, Japan, in 1987. He joined the National Hospital Organization (NHO), Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center in 2002. His major research field was originally gastrointestinal cancer, with a special interest in cancer metastasis. In the ever-changing world of cancer research, he expanded his horizons by learning molecular techniques and laser capture microdissection at the University of California, San Diego Cancer Center in 1998-99. Since then, his research interests have extended to breast and uterine cervical cancers due to the rapid increase of female patients affected with these cancers in Japan. He became president of the Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center in July 2014.
Abstract:
Background: Cervical cancer is the second-most common cancer in women worldwide. In Japan, it was the 11th leading cause of\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\ndeath from cancer for women in 2008 but there has been a unique increase of cervical cancer incidence among women in the 20-\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\n39-year age group in spite of the decrease of it among women over age 40. Aberrant DNA methylation (abMet) is shown to provide\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\ndisease biomarkers with great potential applicable to clinical specimens. The authors examined the relationship between the abMet\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\nof DLX4 and SIM1 genes and progression of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL).\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\nMethods: A total of 113 patients were selected from the CCLBC study, in which 11,039 samples were enrolled between October\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\n2007 and March 2010 to compare the cytological features of conventional Pap smears and liquid-based cytology specimens using\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\nthe ThinPrep method. They were classified into four groups according to their cervical cytology, HPV infection and follow up.\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\nCytology samples were examined for abMet of DLX4 and SIM1 genes and their protein expressions. CaSki cells were treated with\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\n5-Aza-2´-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC).\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\nResults: 40 samples in Group 1 were negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy. 21 LSILs in Group 2 showed a continuance\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\nof LSIL for longer than 365 days, and 12 LSILs in Group 3 showed an up-grading to high-grade (H) SIL+ within 365 days after the\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\ndiagnosis of LSIL. 40 in Group 4 were squamous cell carcinoma. All but Group 1 were infected with hrHPV. Significant difference\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\nexisted in frequency of abMet between groups 2 and 3 (p=0.044), between groups 3 and 4 (p=0.020) for DLX4, and between\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\ngroups 1 and 3 (p=0.0003), as well as between groups 2 and 3 (p=0.005) for SIM1 gene. DLX4 protein expression was significantly\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\nreduced in the DLX4abMet positive tissues, as compared to the negative tissues (p=0.008), and 5-aza-dC treatment extracted\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\nDLX4 protein expression of CaSki cells in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.005). The LSIL cases with abMet of SIM1 gene or both\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\ngenes progressed faster to HSIL+ than others (p = 0.033 or p=0.048).\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\nConclusion: AbMet of DLX4 and SIM1 genes should be a useful and novel progression marker of uterine cervical LSIL with HPV\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\ninfection.